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Diffie-Hellman's security rests on the discrete logarithm problem being hard. For a small prime, it isn't. Baby-step giant-step trades a brute-force search of size p for one of roughly √p, and that's the whole reason real DH needs huge safe primes.
ElGamal's private key is just another discrete logarithm. The same baby-step giant-step technique that breaks Diffie-Hellman over a small prime recovers ElGamal's private key too, and from there decrypts any captured ciphertext directly.
A low public exponent like e=3 is efficient and, by itself, still safe. Broadcast the same message to three recipients using e=3 with no padding, and the Chinese Remainder Theorem recovers it with no private key at all.
Ever wondered how your data stays secure? Cipher Visualizers makes learning cryptography intuitive and engaging. We break down complex encryption algorithms into simple, interactive visualizations, allowing you to see the entire process flow from plaintext to ciphertext.
Watch algorithms like AES and RSA transform data in real-time. Follow every substitution, permutation, and key mix to truly understand the process, not just the theory.
Input your own custom data and keys. Pause, rewind, and inspect the state at any stage. See instantly how changing a single bit can affect the entire outcome.
Each visual step is paired with clear, concise explanations. Understand the "why" behind the math, not just the "how," with insights linked directly to the on-screen action.
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